Innocent Drink Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Innocent Drink - Essay Example The purpose of this paper is to analyze the strategies that had been adopted by Innocent Drinks to become one of the most popular brands in the fruit smoothies market. The aim is to evaluate ways in which a company had implemented its strategies to rise from a humble beginning and becoming a major market player. One of the most interesting facts about this company is that its organizational structure has gone through massive changes that had impacted overall business. The organizational structure of a company refers to its shape or hierarchical structure. The organizational structure describes allocation of tasks, supervision and coordination that helps in achieving desired goals. In case of Innocent Drinks, the company was set up by Richard Reed, Adam Balon and Jon Wrigh and was initially funded by Maurice Pinto (a wealthy businessman). The company had a little more than hundred staff while commencing the operations. There was minimal hierarchy in the organization. The unique feature about Innocent Drinks is that it does not own any of the juicing facilities. The company simply contracts the work of manufacturing smoothies to different sites. The growth of the company in first six years of its establishment is nothing less than a success story. By 2005, the company became the fastest growing smoothie company in U.K. Constant product innovation has been one of the most important factors that had contributed to growth of the company. The reason behind growth of the smoothie market in U.K. can be assessed with the help of PESTLE factors. Political: The political environment in the U.K. is stable that had enabled fast growth of the fruit smoothie industry. The U.K. government required a smoothie manufacturing company to state whether the products that is being produced is either concentrated fruit juice or pure fruit juice. Also, the government had been promoting anti-obesity campaigns and promoting development of health drinks (Rao, 2004). Economic:

Aristotle and Meteorology Essay Example for Free

Aristotle and Meteorology Essay Introduction: Aristotle wrote about many subjects that can be grouped into five general divisions: logic, physical works, psychological works, natural history works, and philosophical works. One of the little known physical works concerned meteorology. Aristotles views on meteorology are fascinating, but many of the views were not accurate. This paper compares only a few of his views to actual meteorological facts. I. Biography A. Birth and growth B. Influence on writings II. Basis of Aristotles meteorology A. Elements and theory B. Science and facts III. Water vapor and precipitation A. Aristotles view B. Science and fact. IV. Winds A. Aristotles view B. Science and fact Conclusion: Aristotle explained the various meteorological phenomenon in simplistic terms. The explanations match his theory of how matter and shape were interrelated. Aristotles ideas on water vapor and precipitation were somewhat accurate, considering that there were no tools to measure the atmosphere in his time. His views on wind, however, were not accurate at all. He wrote extensively on winds, but never fully comprehended how wind occurred. September 5, 2000 Aristotle on Meteorology Aristotle was born in 384 BC, at Stagirus, a Greek colony on the Aegean Sea near Macedonia. In 367 BC, Aristotle entered the Academy at Athens and studied under Plato, attending his lectures for a period of twenty years. In the later years of his association with Plato and the Academy, he began to lecture on his own account, especially on the subject of rhetoric. When Plato died in 347, Aristotle and another of Platos students, Xenocrates, left Athens for Assus, and set up an academy (Encyclopedia 2). In 342, Aristotle returned to Macedonia and became the tutor to a very young Alexander the Great. He did this for the next five to seven years. Both Philip and Alexander appear to have paid Aristotle high honor. There are stories that indicate the Macedonian court supplied Aristotle with funds for teaching, and with slaves to collect specimens for his studies in natural science (Encyclopedia 4). Aristotle returned to Athens when Alexander the Great began his conquests. He found the Platonic school flourishing under Xenocrates, and Platonism the dominant philosophy of Athens (Encyclopedia 5). Aristotle thus set up his own school at a place called the Lyceum. When teaching at the Lyceum, Aristotle had a habit of walking about as he discoursed. It was because of this that his followers became known in later years as the peripatetics, meaning, to walk about (Shakian 126). For the next thirteen years, he devoted his energies to his teaching and composing his philosophical treatises. His institution integrated extensive equipment, including maps and the largest library collection in Europe. He is said to have given two kinds of lectures: the more detailed discussions in the morning for an inner circle of advanced students, and the popular discourses in the evening for the general body of lovers of knowledge. At the sudden death of Alexander in 323 BC, the pro-Macedonian government in Athens was overthrown, and a general reaction occurred against anything Macedonian. A charge of impiety was trumped up against Aristotle. To escape prosecution he fled to Chalcis in Euboea so that (Aristotle says) The Athenians might not have another opportunity of sinning against philosophy as they had already done in the person of Socrates (Encyclopedia 5). In the first year of his residence at Chalcis he complained of a stomach illness and died in 322 BC (Encyclopedia 7). One of Aristotles writings is about meteorology. His theories are based on his belief that all objects in the world are composed of form and matter and the world is arranged according to the relative standing each object occupies in the universe (Shakian 127). This basis led to his theory that any motion was from the center or to the center (Encyclopedia 28). Aristotle saw the universe as a scale lying between the two extremes: form without matter on one end, and matter without form on the other end. Additionally, he believed all matter is made of four bodies: fire, air, water, and earth (Encyclopedia 29). With this information as a basis, it is no wonder that any remaining theories would probably be incorrect. Scientific fact cannot disprove that all objects are of form and matter. Any one can agree or disagree with that philosophy. However, scientific fact does show that movement can occur in directions away from the center or toward the center. For example, solar radiation from the sun does not travel in direct lines to or from a center. Some of the radiation scatters into space. Some is reflects from the earths surface and is lost into space (Lutgens 37-43). Air molecules do not move toward or away from a center. Air particles move in an infinite number of directions due to molecule size, shape, weight and composition. Finally, Aristotles theory that matter is made of four bodies is dramatically short sighted. Air is a mixture of at least nine different components and is constantly changing in composition. Nitrogen and oxygen make up nearly 99% of the volume of dry air. Of all the components of air, carbon dioxide is the most interest to meteorologists (Lutgens 5). In all fairness, Aristotle had no way to measure or determine the exact components of the atmosphere. In book 1, part 3 of Aristotles meteorology, Aristotle describes his explanation of water vapor. His explanation describes the area between the surface of the earth and the visible portion of the Milky Way. It is important to note that he views the Milky Way as a plane or upper level surface (Aristotle, Meteorology 253). Aristotle is very close to a scientific answer when he deduced that what immediately surrounds the earth is not mere air, but a sort of vapour, and that its vaporous nature is the reason why it condenses back to water again (Aristotle, Meteorology 253). His logic is interesting when he indicates that this expanse of a body cannot be fire for then all the rest would have dried up (Aristotle Meteorology 254). In part 9, Aristotle addressed the issue of precipitation. He explained that air condensing into water becomes a cloud. Mist is what remains when a cloud condenses into water. He further explained that when water falls in small drops, it is drizzle, and when the drops are larger, it is called rain (Aristotle Meteorology 267). This is one area where Aristotle was close to accurate. One flaw is his view of the Milky Way as a flat plane. Science has shown that the Milky Way is just one of an infinite number of star galaxies. Aristotle realized water vapor existed. He also realized that the area between the earth and the heavens was not fire. What Aristotle deduced as water vapor is scientifically referred to as a parcel of air. As the air parcel rises, it cools and may condense to form a cloud (Lutgens 81). Aristotle believed the remains of water vapor that did not form a cloud was mist. Actually, what remains is just other air parcels. The energy used to condense the air molecule is released as latent heat creating a cycle of rising and sinking air molecules (Lutgens 82-83). Aristotle provided names for the size of water droplets. It is possible that Aristotle coined the names drizzle and rain. Scientifically, drizzle is defined as small droplets of less than . 5 mm. Rain is defined as droplets of . 5 mm to 5 mm (Lutgens 131). Aristotle dedicated several chapters to the theory of winds. Without scientific measurements, the cause or theory of wind was difficult to determine or explain. Aristotle compared wind to a flowing river in book 1 (Aristotle Meteorology 348). Unfortunately, Aristotle could not discern why the river of wind never dried up. Therefore, he abandoned that theory and analogy of wind and simply tried to explain rivers instead. In book two, he dedicated three more chapters to wind. Aristotle used his theory of water vapor and direct observation of something he called smoke to describe the occurrence of wind. He related the rising water vapor and the heat of the sun. This combination created wind. Rain contributed to wind development by causing calm winds after a rain (Encyclopedia 191). Wind must have been a difficult subject for Aristotle to explain, considering how much was written about the subject. The facts indicate he was close to an answer but never fully understood the concept of wind. The definition of wind is the result of horizontal differences in air pressure. Air flows from areas of high pressure to areas of lower pressure. It is natures method to balance inequalities of pressure. Unequal heating of the earths surface generates the pressure differences. Therefore, solar radiation is the ultimate driving force of wind (Lutgens 149). The effects Aristotle explained were often the results of the pressure changes. He realized the sun had some influence. The clam wind after a rain is an occurrence with strong thunderstorms that leave a micro scale high-pressure dome in their wake (Lutgens 153). Aristotle explained the various meteorological phenomenon in simplistic terms. The explanations match his theory of how matter and shape were interrelated. Aristotles ideas on water vapor and precipitation were somewhat accurate, considering there were no tools to measure the atmosphere in his time. His views on wind, however, were not accurate at all. He wrote extensively on winds but never fully comprehended how wind occurred Works Cited Aristotle. Great Books of the Western World. Volume 1. Chicago: Robert P. Gwinn, 1990. Aristotle. Meteorology 113 438. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Internet Address: http://classics. mit. edu/Aristotle/meteorology. 1. i. html. Translated by E. W. Webster. 27 Aug. 2000. Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy 1-321. University of Tennessee at Martin. Internet Address: http://www. utm. edu/research/iep/a/aristotl. htm. 24 Aug. 2000. Lutgens, Frederick K. and Edward J. Tarbuck. The Atmosphere. New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1992. Sahakian, William S. and Mabel Lewis Sahakian. Ideas of the Great Philosophers. New York: Barnes Noble Inc. , 1970.

Gay, Lesbian and Bisexual Issues - Equal Rights Not Special Rights for Gays :: Persuasive Essay, Argumentative

Gays: Seeking Equal Rights Not Special Rights On October 6, 1998 two men took Matthew Shepard, a gay college student, about a mile outside of Laramie Wyoming. These men took him out to a split-rail fence, tortured him, then tied him put onto the fence, and left him for death. He was found late the next day by two bikers, 18 hours after the attack. When the bikers first saw Matthew tied to the fence, they thought that Matthew was a scarecrow, but realized that it was a person. Matthew remained in a coma until October 12, then died at 12:53 a.m. Matthew always was a peacemaker he wanted gays to be treated like everyone else not as a minority. Matthew once said, "If I could get two people--one straight, one gay--who hate each other to be respectful of each other, I would have done something good" (Miller). He wanted homosexuals and heterosexuals to see eye to eye, which almost seems impossible. Homosexuality has been common in many cultures throughout history, but not always known. When it came about in society many religions thought it as sinful. As a result, being gay or lesbian was a crime, punishable by death. In the twentieth century homosexuality took a turn around. As a result gay bashing became common in America. In November 13, 1986 on The Oprah Winfrey Show, a boy admitted that he and his friends hunted gay men down and beat them with baseball bats (Opposing View Points, "Homosexuals are an..."). It seems that this issue of discrimination of gays is too extreme. Society needs to know that homosexuals are fighting for civil rights, not special rights. They want to be treated equal in the workplace, in housing and in public accommodations. In November of 1992 Colorado tried to pass an amendment against homosexuals gaining special rights. The purpose of the amendment was to deny homosexuals special rights, through any of Colorado's state branches or departments or any of its agencies. When this amendment was passed civil liberties groups and gay rights groups around the nation called for a boycott of Colorado. Consequently, the state lost about $40 million in convention and tourist business. In 1994 the Colorado Supreme Court declared that the state's anti-gay rights measure, Amendment 2, was unconstitutional. Justice Anthony Kennedy states, "We must conclude that Amendment 2 classifies homosexuals not to further a proper legislative end but to make them unequal to everyone else.

The Hunters: Moonsong Chapter Thirty-Three

Ethan was, Matt observed, totaly freaking out. The guy's usual cheerful composure had worn off, and he was supervising the initiation arrangements with the intensity of a dril sergeant. â€Å"No!† he snarled from across the room. He darted over and slapped the leg of a girl who was standing on a chair and weaving roses through the welded metal V at the top of the central arch. â€Å"Ouch!† she yel ed, dropping the roses to the floor. â€Å"Ethan, what is your problem?† â€Å"We don't put anything on the V, Lorelai,† he told her coldly, and bent to pick up the flowers. â€Å"You must respect the symbols of the Vitale Society. It's a matter of honor. When our leader final y joins us, we must demonstrate to him that we are disciplined, that we are capable.† He shoved the roses back into her hands. â€Å"We don't do that by draping garbage al over the symbol of our organization.† Lorelai stared at him. â€Å"I'm sorry. But I thought you were the leader of the Vitale Society, Ethan.† Everyone had stopped working to watch Ethan's melt-down. Noticing that he was the center of attention, Ethan breathed deeply, clearly trying to regain his composure. Final y he addressed them al , biting off his words sharply. â€Å"I am trying to prepare you al , and to prepare this chamber, for the initiation ceremony. For you.† His voice was steadily rising as he glared around at them. â€Å"And this is when I learn that, despite al your promise, you're a bunch of incompetents. You can't even place a candle or mix some herbs without my help. We're running out of time, and I might as Welljust be doing everything myself.† Matt glanced around at the other pledges. Their faces were shocked and wary. Like him, al along they had been looking up to Ethan and were flattered and encouraged by his praise. Now their role model had turned on them, and no one seemed to know how to react. Chloe, setting out candles by the arch, was anxious, her lips pressed together tightly. She looked quickly at Matt and then away, back toward Ethan. â€Å"Just tel us what you want us to do, Ethan,† Matt said, stepping forward. He tried to keep his voice level and soothing. â€Å"We'l do our best to make everything perfect.† Ethan glowered at him. â€Å"You couldn't even get your friend Stefan to join us,† he said bitterly. â€Å"One simple task, and you failed.† â€Å"Hey,† Matt said, offended. â€Å"That's not fair. I got Stefan to come talk to you. If he's not interested, that's his decision. He doesn't have to join us.† â€Å"I question your commitment to the Vitale Society, Matt,† Ethan said flatly. â€Å"And the conversation with Stefan Salvatore is not over.† He walked straight past Matt, glancing briefly at the rest of the pledges gathered around him. â€Å"There's not much time, everyone. Get back to work.† Matt could feel the beginnings of a headache starting at his temples. For the first time, he wondered if maybe he didn't want to join the Vitale Society after al . â€Å"I could have this door open in a single second,† Damon said irritably. â€Å"Instead we stand here, waiting.† Meredith sighed and careful y wiggled the bobby pin in the lock. â€Å"If you force the door open, Damon, they'l know right away that someone broke into the campus security office. By picking the lock instead, we can keep a low profile. Okay?† The bobby pin caught on something, and she careful y slid it upward, trying to turn it to catch the pins of the lock so she could move the tumbler. Then the bobby pin bent, and she lost the angle. She groaned and dug into her bag for another bobby pin. â€Å"Twenty-seven weapons,† she grumbled. â€Å"I brought twenty-seven separate weapons to col ege and not a single lock pick.† â€Å"Well, you couldn't be prepared for everything,† Elena said. â€Å"What about using a credit card?† â€Å"Being prepared for everything is sort of my job description,† Meredith muttered. She sat back on her heels and stared at the door. The lock was pretty flimsy: not only Damon but either she or Elena could have easily forced it open. And yes, a credit card or something similar probably would work just fine. Dropping the bobby pin into her open bag, she took out her wal et instead and found her student ID. The ID slid right into the crack between the door and the doorjamb, she gave it a careful little wiggle, and, bingo, she was able to easily slide the lock back and pul the door open. Meredith smiled over her shoulder at Elena, arching one eyebrow. â€Å"That was strangely satisfying,† she said. Once they were inside and the door was locked again behind them, Meredith checked to make sure the windows were covered, then flicked on the lights. The security office was simply furnished: white wal s, two desks, each with a computer, one with a forgotten half cup of coffee on top, and a filing cabinet. There was a dying plant on the windowsil , its leaves dry and browning. â€Å"We're sure that none of the officers are going to show up and catch us?† Elena asked nervously. â€Å"I told you, I checked their routine,† Meredith answered. â€Å"After eight o'clock, al but one of the security guards on duty is patrol ing the campus. The one who isn't is sitting in the downstairs lobby of the administration building, keeping in radio contact with the others and helping students who lock themselves out of their dorms and stuff.† â€Å"Well, let's get it over with,† Damon said. â€Å"I don't particularly relish the idea of spending the whole evening in this dismal little hole.† His voice sounded both Wellbred and bored, as usual, but there was something different about him. He was standing very close to Elena, so close that his arm was brushing against hers, and, as Meredith watched, his hand came up to touch Elena's back very lightly, just with his fingertips. There was a slight secretive curve to his mouth, almost as if Damon was even more pleased with himself than usual. â€Å"Well?† he asked, gazing back at Meredith. â€Å"What now, hunter?† Elena stepped away from him and knelt in front of the filing cabinet before Meredith could answer, sliding the top drawer open. â€Å"What was Samantha's last name? Her file's probably under that.† â€Å"Dixon,† Meredith told her, pushing away the little shock she kept getting whenever anyone referred to Samantha in the past tense. It was just †¦ she'd been so ful of life. â€Å"And Christopher's was Nowicki.† Elena rifled through the files in both drawers, pul ing out first one thick folder and then a second. â€Å"Got them.† She opened Samantha's folder and made a sick little sound in her throat. â€Å"They're †¦ worse than I thought,† she said, her voice shaking as she looked at pictures from the murder scene. She turned over a few pages. â€Å"And here's the coroner's report. It says she died from blood loss.† â€Å"Let me see,† Meredith said. She took the file and made herself study the crime scene pictures to see if she had missed anything when she was there. Her eyes kept flinching away from Sam's poor defenseless body, so she swal owed hard and focused on the areas away from the body, the floor, the wal s of Samantha's room. â€Å"Blood loss because she was kil ed by a vampire? Or because there's so much blood everywhere else?† She was proud of how steady her own voice was, steadier than Elena's anyway. She held out the folder toward Damon. â€Å"What do you think?† she asked. Damon took the folder and studied the photos dispassionately, flipping a few pages to read the coroner's report. Then he held out his hand to Elena for Christopher's file and looked through that one as Well. â€Å"I can't tel anything for certain,† he said after a few minutes. â€Å"Just like with the bodies I found, they could have been kil ed by werewolves, who are primitive like this. Or it could have been sloppy vampires. Demons, easily. Even humans could do this, if they were sufficiently motivated.† Elena made a soft sound of denial, and Damon flashed his bril iant sudden grin at her. â€Å"Oh, don't forget that humans can come up with far more creative means of violence than some simple hungry monsters do, sweetheart.† Serious again, he looked down at the photographs once more. â€Å"I can tel you, though, that more than one creature – or person – was responsible.† His finger traced a line across one of the pictures, and Meredith forced herself to look. Bloodstains were spattered in wide arcs across the room, beyond Samantha's outstretched arms. â€Å"See the way the blood sprayed here?† Damon asked. â€Å"Someone held her hands and someone else held her feet, and at least one other, maybe more, kil ed her.† He flipped open Christopher's folder again. â€Å"Same thing. This might be evidence that werewolves are the culprits, since they like to travel in packs, but it isn't firm proof. You can get groups of almost anything. Even vampires: they're not al as self-sufficient as I am.† â€Å"Matt saw only one person – or whatever – near Chris's body, though,† Elena pointed out. â€Å"And he got there real y soon after Christopher screamed.† Damon waved a disparaging hand. â€Å"So they were fast,† he said. â€Å"A vampire could do it before a human had time to even react to the scream. Almost anything supernatural could. Speed comes with the package.† Meredith shuddered. â€Å"A whole pack of something,† she said numbly. â€Å"One would have been bad enough.† â€Å"A pack's much worse,† Damon agreed. â€Å"Are you ready to go now?† â€Å"We'd better check and see if there's anything else and then clean up,† Elena said. â€Å"Do you want to stand guard outside? I feel like we're real y tempting fate by staying here so long. You could give some kind of signal if you see someone coming or use your Power to get rid of them. Please?† Damon smiled at her flirtatiously. â€Å"I'l be your watchdog, princess, but only because it's you.† Meredith waited until he left to say dryly, â€Å"Speaking of dogs, remember when Damon kil ed Bonnie's pet pug?† Elena opened the top file drawer again and started going through it methodical y. â€Å"I don't want to talk about this, Meredith. It was Katherine who kil ed Yangtze, anyway.† â€Å"I just don't think you realize what you're getting into here,† Meredith said. â€Å"Damon's not terrific relationship material.† Elena's hands faltered in their efficient progress. â€Å"I don't †¦ it's not like that,† she said. â€Å"It's not a relationship, I don't want a relationship with anyone but Stefan.† Meredith frowned, confused. â€Å"Well, then, what – â€Å" â€Å"It's complicated,† Elena said. â€Å"I care about Damon, you know that. I'm seeing where things might go with him. There's something between us, there always has been. With Stefan gone† – her voice cracked – â€Å"I have to give it a chance. Just †¦ just let it alone for now, okay?† She picked up Samantha's folder to put it back in the drawer. Her lips were trembling, and Meredith was about to pursue the subject: she wasn't going to let it alone. Not when Elena was upset and somehow involved – more involved than she had been before – with Damon the dangerous vampire. But Elena interrupted her. â€Å"Huh,† she said. â€Å"What do you think this means?† Meredith craned to see what she was talking about, and Elena pointed. On the inside front of Samantha's file was written a large black V. She picked up Christopher's file. â€Å"This one, too,† she said, showing Elena. â€Å"Vampires?† Elena asked. â€Å"The Vitale Society? What else starts with V and might have to do with these murders?† â€Å"I don't know,† Meredith started to say, when they suddenly heard the rumble of a car engine pul ing up outside the building. A raucous caw came through the window. â€Å"That's Damon,† Elena said, shoving Christopher's file back into the cabinet. â€Å"If we don't want him to have to compel the whole security force, we'd better get out of here fast.†

Managerial Economics Essay

The major technique that we used in order to extract the data given is by using SPSS program which is by linear regression analysis. Regression analysis  includes any techniques for modeling and analyzing several variables, when the focus is on the relationship between a  dependent variable  and one or more independent variables. More specifically, regression analysis helps one understand how the typical value of the dependent variable changes when any one of the independent variables is varied, while the other independent variables are held fixed. Most commonly, regression analysis estimates the  conditional expectation  of the dependent variable given the independent variables that is, the  average value  of the dependent variable when the independent variables are held fixed. In all cases, the estimation target is a  function  of the independent variables called the  regression function. In regression analysis, it is also of interest to characterize the variation of the dependent variable around the regression function, which can be described by a  probability distribution. Regression analysis is also used to understand which among the independent variables are related to the dependent variable, and to explore the forms of these relationships. In restricted circumstances, regression analysis can be used to infer  causal relationships  between the independent and dependent variables. By using SPSS program, we can identify and analyze the regression result. From there, we can also found the related concept of elasticity being formed. The concept of elasticity is introduced as the tools for measuring the responsiveness of quantity demanded to changes in various factors. The first major section is considered regresiion analysis which is a statistical method for fitting the equation to set the data. It is used for demand estimation and we can analyse the result by using regression analysis. Finally, by using SPSS program, it is easier to identify and analyze the price ticket and the demand which have been effect from various sector.

Changing Me

Changing Me Free Online Research Papers Changing Me Alone, Asleep, Forever I didn’t want to let her go; I wanted to hold on forever, but, I had to let go someday. Who am I? Alice Lewis I would suggest. I stare blankly at the piece of paper intended to be an English essay. I can’t believe it, it is only the first term of year eleven and we have already been given an English essay that is meant to help the teacher see who you are -like they need to know that. I am Alice Lewis, 15 years old. Is that not enough? You know what, I think it’s timetabled – the first lesson back the teachers encourage us to ‘delve into our beings’ and write an essay titled ‘who am I’ on our findings. I don’t get it, surely we are the same person year on year and although it is usually hard to concentrate this year I find it even harder because the sun is glaring through the window obscuring my view of the empty page and sending my brain down a different path. I try to think about who I am, but my brain is not cooperating. All I can do is remember what I was doing this time last week – when I was free from school and all the worries it brings, free from my own thoughts. A week ago I was relaxing with my sister Lily on the swings at Stanley Park. I love going to Stanley Park, I can unwind and just be myself. I am free to travel to my favourite place, a place where the only passport you need is imagination. The multicoloured swings at Stanley Park have always been my favourite, my Dad used to push me when I was young – I always felt on top of the world, untouchable, invincible. But now I just tend to rock slowly backwards and forwards, gathering my thoughts and taking time off from the hustle and bustle of the real world. When I started secondary school I started to take Lily with me to the park and I took her with the hope that she would enjoy the park just as much as me. She loves the swings; we can sit next to each other for hours, simply chatting. Stanley Park is close to where we live, as it’s easy to get to the park and, because there is only one road to cross, I am allowed to take Lily by myself. Anyway – who am I? I don’t know what to put, a little help please? I could put ‘My name is Alice Lewis and I am aged 15, I live with my 7 year old sister called Lily and my parents. In my free time I go to Stanley Park’ but I know that is not what the teacher wants to read. It’s not exactly exciting, I mean – Seriously? A bell can symbolise many things. A life, a death, love. For me it means freedom. When the school bell rings I push all my books into my bag and pull it off the desk. It’s like a race. A race to get as far away from this environment as possible. The bell rings. I sigh with relief. I can file this essay into the back of my head – for another year at least. I walk out of the class as fast as I can without making a fool of myself. We have freedom, well, freedom until we are caged up in a hot, stuffy classroom again tomorrow. As I walk towards the school gates my friends Carly and Gemma catch up with me. Just what I need, I just want to get away from this place as quickly as possible. I have known Carly since we were tiny, our mums are best friends. The two of us used to be joined at the hip. Used to be, until Gemma came along. Carly and I were always partners at primary school and I mean always. We never fell out, but then Gemma came along. I was off school for a week, ill with the chicken pox. I couldn’t wait to see Carly when I got back, but is wasn’t me she wanted to share her cookie with or whisper her secrets to, Carly had a new best friend. This new best friend had just moved from Americ a and Carly had become best buddies with her. Buddy, that word came from America too, just like Gemma. Sure, I miss our little conversations, just Carly and me. But I guess I will just have to accept it. Gemma is here now, and she is here to stay. The sun is blinding on the way home. Carly and Gemma are talking around me, at me, but I don’t hear their voices, they are only sounds lost in the gentle breeze. I only thing I hear is freedom calling; Stanley Park is around the corner. I manage to peel myself away from Carly and Gemma, rushing my goodbyes. Because the schools have just finished the park is full of primary school kids running around and their mums chatting to each other. Ignoring the strange looks I get from the mums wondering what a 15 year old is doing in the park alone at this time of day, I make my way to the multicoloured swings. I sit on the red one, the one closest to the trees. As my feet leave the ground, my mind leaves earth as we know it – I travel to a parallel galaxy where everything I want happens. I can spend ages exploring my mind, letting my imagination take over. Closing my eyes and rocking backwards on the swing I can hear the wind gently licking the trees and I can feel it ru stling my hair. I can feel the presence of someone; suddenly aware of my surroundings I open my eyes. I realise the hairs on the back of my neck are standing up. I look to my side cautiously, not sure if I will like what I see. But I breathe out a breath I didn’t know I was even holding and utter a single symbol. â€Å"Oh†. The figure standing beside me just laughs. I can feel myself blushing, my cheeks turning a pale red colour. To regain my composure I begin to rock backwards and forwards on the swing. The eyes of my spectator follow my every move; I wait for him to speak. Then his lips move, saying one of the things I hear day in day out. My name, Alice. Silence falls, all I can hear is the gentle breeze, until he breaks the silence. The question that leaves his lips is easy to answer, I can only say yes. Would I mind if he joined me? Really, would I say no? Could I say no? This is only the person that occupies my dreams, the person wondering in my thoughts at every opportunity. So, saying no? I don’t think so. I let another syllable leave my lips, only this time my single syllable doesn’t make my skin change colour. I find it strange that one syllable can alter someone’s life, it can make someone ecstatic or extremely sad. I can feel my legs turning into jelly as he sits on the blue swing next to me. I just thank God that I am already sitting down, otherwise something embarrassing could happen. Before I know it one hour has bleed into the next three and the light blue sky has had a navy blue velvet curtain covered with silver glitter drawn across it. We have been sitting here for ages just talking. The scene is almost identical to my dreams, but I know that I am awake because in reality he is even more perfect, his feature more defined. His touch has the opposite effect of a defibrillator and his eyes hold me in a constant trance. His voice is like a violin playing a perfect melody and not missing a single note. They say ‘Time flies when you are having fun’ but I think it time flies when your heart belongs to another. I get strange looks when I walk through the front door hours later than usual, I respond to the questions with all the right answers, but I can read Mum’s face like a book and I can tell she don’t believe me. I know at dinner that the glares being thrown at me like daggers from Dad mean that I am in serious trouble. After dinner he questions me on why I am late home and I come out with the same story I told Mum. His response? A snort. Thanks Dad. He thinks I am drunk, I guess I am fairly giggly, but I’m not drunk. I am just intoxicated with a somewhat sudden love. Waking up pains me, I have to rip myself away from the perfection that the night brought. As my eyes open the truth of reality floods back, well drizzles. The view from my window mirrors my mood exactly. Dull, grey, dreary. I pull my clothes on slowly as even piece of material separates me from the night. I’ll remember last night forever, the dream that flowed through my head last night has visited before, though usually I suffer pain because the morning brings the cruel truth. But today is different, finally. My dream reflects reality. My imagination sometimes gets the better of me; my ticket to ‘Alice’s World’ is used far too regularly. That’s why I doubt my own memories of yesterday; sometimes I find it hard to differentiate between the fact and the fiction. Did it really happen, did I really spend all that time yesterday with him at the park? I can’t help thinking about it on the way to school. I’m not sure, it feels like the jigsaw pieces fit together bit too easily. â€Å"Alice Lewis in entering the building† – com e on Carly, do you have to be so immature? Is it really normal for a 15 year old girl to announce the entrance of a friend so loudly? My reply to this statement – a sudden, piercing glare thrown in Carly’s direction – soon shuts her up. As usual, just like any other morning I go and sit in my chair in the back corner of the classroom, right next to the window. Looking out of the window soon sets my mind off. I travel; I travel to a faraway place, visiting my faraway friends. It is almost like I write a script for them, they say every line with great conviction; follow every stage direction as if it would be the natural thing to do. It’s only me, Alice Lewis, that knows why they are doing the things I want them to do, say saying the things I want them to say. It’s straightforward really, it’s because my mind says so. School passes, slowly, but is does pass. I act like a puppet. I go the right places, say the right things and make the right choices, but the thought is not there. No, the thought is someplace else, simply swinging backwards and forwards. I intend to follow my thoughts. I know where they will take me, but where will they take my story? Could a single thought swimming around in a teenager’s –somewhat empty- brain really change the path your life takes? I don’t know, but I want to find out. I expect the signal any time now. It should ring soon. Really soon. When the signal comes it shocks me even though I am expecting it. The school bell. My signal of freedom. The walk to Stanley Park isn’t long; it’s only about a 3 minute walk away from school but the anticipation that has been building up inside me makes the walk feel more like 3 hours. Upon arrival at the park I notice it is empty – empty apart from the one figure sitting alone on the multicoloured swings. Waiting. I don’t dwell on why the park is empty for too long. I have more important things to think about. Like that waiting person, the person waiting for me. The park belongs to us, the only people here. We just sit, swinging backwards and forwards. As we swing we talk, we listen and we play the melody together. He tells me things I thought no one would say to me, things including the words gorgeous, striking, beautiful. Can life be any better? Can it? In return I tell him things that I thought I would never be able to say to hm. The moment is perfect and I want to hold onto it forever, I want to capture it on a camera so I can always remember how brilliant I feel now. Just sitting with the person you dream of, talking to the person that makes you feel relaxed, simply watching time slip by. My idea of perfection. Perfection until the moon comes out and we have to say out goodbyes. Before we leave we both utter three final words. â€Å"See you tomorrow.† Saturday morning. Yawn. Is there any reason to get out of bed on a Saturday morning? I can’t think of any. Actually, I take that back. I can think of one, I’m meeting him today. Well I am meant to be meeting him. I would definitely be meeting him if it wasn’t for ‘the puppeteers’. The puppeteers called parents that control my life. I got grounded. Grounded for being out late without permission. I mean – I wasn’t out that late and it wasn’t like I was miles away either. 5 minutes away, that’s all. So, now I am grounded and my parents are going out, leaving me to look after Lily all day. All day! Lily! I mean, I do love her and all, but a whole day with your little sister? The terror starts after breakfast. The terror comes in the form of a moaning 7 year old girl holding my best foundation. The foundation that cost me  £16. The foundation being held tightly by my 7 year old sister without a lid on. The foundation being squirted across the carpet. A quick furniture move around does the trick. The evidence is gone, but as for Lily Why do 7 year old girls have to have such cute puppy dog eyes? They can turn the waterworks on and off at the speed of light. It takes a while but Lily manages to convince me she is sorry, just. We agree it is best to get out of the house and leave our arguments behind us. But there are more squabbles to come. Lily wants to go to the park; I am reluctant to go – I don’t want to have to look after my moaning little sister on a Saturday at the park, I refuse to go. I really don’t want to go, until I have a brainwave. He will be there. I can send Lily off to play and I can go and sit on the swings so we can talk till our heart’s content. I get the impression Lily is happy with this new decision, her grin says it all. Lily skips ahead of me, dancing along the pavement and humming under her breath. My mind is elsewhere, floating away and racing ahead of our movements. My imagination shows pictures of the empty park, pictures of me and him, together. Only a warm hand tapping my shoulder can tear me away from the inside of my head. â€Å"Lily, what do you† I begin to say, before I notice who I am talking to. â€Å"Oh, hello† It’s him, the one. I call after Lily, trying to get her to come back to me. He tells me to leave her, that she can look after herself. I have to listen to him; I am drowning in his eyes. The eyes flooded with reassurance and sincerity. The road stretches, but I don’t care. In fact, I rather it was this way. It gives us a chance to talk. He brings up school; he had one of those stupid essays yesterday. I retell him some of my who am I essay. He laughs at my sarcastic recital, he laughs until. A flash of sheer terror crosses his face and the word â€Å"Lily† falls from his lips – and hits the ground. My eyes follow his gaze and I can see a small red car whizz round the corner, bounce over speed bumps and speed along the road at almost 70mph. I see a little girl in a skimpy pink vest and white shorts skip across the road. I see the red car hit the little girl. I see the little girl thrown into the air. I see my sister knocked to the ground. ‘Lily, Lily are you OK?’ I scream as I run towards the scene, there is no sign of the car. A hit and run. Lily’s shorts aren’t white anymore, just stained red – but I know there isn’t any red dye. â€Å"Lily please, speak to me, Lily look at me.† I cry desperately, picking up her limp body. â€Å"Help, someone. We need an ambulance.† I look around frantically. â€Å"Please, someone help!† This time I only manage a whimper. I see the life draining out of Lily. Her pulse is weak and colour is disappearing from her cheeks. I need her to grip her life, to keep fighting. I don’t want to let her go; I want to hold on forever, but, I have to let go someday. To think, earlier I was questioning whether a single though could change a path of life. It does, it can. It did. I changed Lily’s life forever. My vain thoughts took away my little sister’s life. My head spins; I have as good as murdere d someone. My thoughts made this happen, my thoughts caused a death. It takes me a while to realise that people are gazing at me, their eyes don’t leave my body. I just lie there. I know Lily has it worse, much worse. Suddenly aware of the eyes piercing my body, I begin to see movement. I start to take in the picture, mouths are moving but no sound is coming out of them. It takes a long time to adjust, to break out of my bubble. Then it all comes at once. The shock slaps me in the face. After recovering I can make out the words, everyone is saying the same thing. People are standing around me, the world starts to spin. Blackness follows. I miss Lily. I want her back. I need to talk to her, to be with her and hear her laughter. She has left me in an empty space, I feel as though a part of me has died with her. The funeral was last week. I had never been to a funeral before and my younger sister’s was not one I wished to start with. It’s hard. Harder than you could imagine. She will never sit on the swing again; never feel on top of the world as I did every time I visited the park. I haven’t been back since, I don’t feel able to. The thought that the swing that she always used to sit on will never be used by her again shocks me. I still see him. He gave a witness report for the police as he was one of the only people who saw the car. He managed to see a bit of the number plate, that has helped the police investigations a lot. They haven’t caught the driver yet but there is still time. I hate that American word, but it will be nice to have some ‘closure’ on things. He has supported me all the way and even if I don’t love him the way I do now, I know I will always love him as a friend. I’ll never forget that day, the day I lost someone special to me. The day it changed, the day I changed. Who am I? I am still Alice Lewis, aged 15. But I am different, I always will be. Research Papers on Changing MeStandardized TestingPersonal Experience with Teen Pregnancy19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraHarry Potter and the Deathly Hallows EssayNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceThe Spring and AutumnHip-Hop is ArtThe Hockey GameThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationCapital Punishment

Grif Term Paper Essays - Military History By Country, Free Essays

Grif Term Paper Essays - Military History By Country, Free Essays The US-led Coalition Air Campaign Against ISIS Riley Stallings 4/20/18 In last decade, terrorism has gone up by a factor of a four. Its as simple as that. In that last six years, the number of fatalities from terrorist acts in the world increased from roughly 15,000 to a peak of almost 44,000 deaths in 2014. ( Max Roser, Mohamed Nagdy , Hannah Ritchie , 2018) This has coincided with the growth and increased activity of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (Da ' esh, in Arabic), or ISIS as it is more commonly referred, in nations such as Iraq and Syria, where it ' s numbers are most prevalent. This Islamic state is a " transnational Sunni Islamist insurgent and terrorist group that controls large areas of Iraq and Syria . " (Christopher Blanchard, Carla Humud, Congressional Research Service, 2017) It has affiliates in several other countries, as well as large groups of supporters worldwide. The group has only since been recognized as one o f the largest threats to worldwide security and human rights in the last four years, despite its founding almost 20 years ago. In 2014, many nations of the world, lead by the United States, formed a coalition, which now has 75 partners worldwide, with the goal of " degrading and ultimately defeating Daesh. " (The Global Coalition, 2014) This coalition has coordinated efforts to reduce the size and power of the Islamic state through military action, and the development of strategies and tactics to reduce the number of personnel. This coalition and its actions, specifically its use of air strikes, have been called into question and have gained a lot of attention about the ethical responsibility of the coalition. Examination of the casualty data in the Middle East , from the nations that are the most afflicted by the Islamic State, has brought forward criticism of the ever-growing number of civilian lives taken by these airstrikes. The US-led coalition ' s air cam paign against the Islamic State has had a profound affect on not only the population of the Islamic state, but also the population of civilians living in and around territories occupied by the Islamic State. The Islamic state has a history of over a decade of power struggles, mostly relating to the changing over of leadership, and struggles with its affiliation with other groups in the Middle East . According to Kenneth Katzman, a specialist in Middle East ern Affairs at the Congressional Research Service, in 2006, a leader in the Al Qaeda organization, branched off of the organization and created the self-titled Al Qaeda in Iraq, which he later rebranded into the Islamic State in Iraq. This is the first emergence of the Islamic State in the Middle East . Later, in 2013, after the suicide bombing of the leader of the first Islamic State, Abu Ayyub Al-Masri, a new leader, Abu Bakr Al-Baghdadi, had taken over and, he rebrands the organization into the Islamic State in Iraq and Greater Syria, as we now know the terrorist organization. (Tara John, Time Magazine) According to Fawaz A Gerges, who wrote ISIS: A History , this organization began to extend their reach, spreading to and conquering the City of Mosul, the second largest city in Iraq. In the fighting for control of Mosul, the Islamic State reduced the size of the Iraqi Security Force, which was a US-trained and US-funded group, from roughly 280,000 active duty personnel to a mere 50,000 men. The author then goes on to talk about how the US president at the time, President Barack Obama, dismissed this somewhat obvious danger to international security as amateurish and that it did not present a serious threat to America ' s or its allies ' interests. In Barack Obama ' s exact words, " The analogy we use around here sometimes, and I think is accurate, is if a j.v. ' team puts on Lakers uniforms that doesn ' t make them Kobe Bryant. . . . I think there is a distinction between the capacity and reach of bin Laden and a network that is actively planning major terrorist plots against the homeland versus jihadists who are engaged in various

Back-Channel Signal Definition and Examples

Backs .In conversation, a back-channel signal is a noise, gesture, expression, or word used by a listener to indicate that he or she is paying attention to a speaker. According to H.M. Rosenfeld (1978), the most common back-channel signals are head movements, brief vocalizations, glances, and facial expressions, often in combination. Examples and Observations Fabienne: I was looking at myself in the mirror.Butch Coolidge: Uh-huh?Fabienne: I wish I had a pot.Butch Coolidge: You were lookin in the mirror and you wish you had some pot?Fabienne: A pot. A pot belly. Pot bellies are sexy.(Pulp Fiction, 1994)We .. show we are listening and do not wish to interrupt by giving back-channel signals, such as yes, uh-huh, mhm, and other very short comments. These do not constitute turns or attempts to take the floor. On the contrary, they are indications that we expect the speaker to continue.(R. Macaulay, The Social Art: Language and Its Uses. Oxford University Press, 2006)Karen Pelly: Brent might learn a little lesson if his security camera got stolen.Hank Yarbo: Yeah.Karen Pelly: By someone.Hank Yarbo: Hmm.Karen Pelly: Someone he trusts.Hank Yarbo: Yeah, I suppose.Karen Pelly: Someone he would never suspect.Hank Yarbo: Yeah.Karen Pelly: Plot the cameras motion and approach from a blind spot. You could pull it off.(Security Cam, Corner Gas, 2004) Facial Expressions and Head Movements The face plays an important role in the communication process. A smile can express happiness, be a polite greeting, or be a back-channel signal. Some facial expressions are linked to the syntax structure of the utterance: eyebrows may raise on an accent and on nonsyntactically marked questions. Gaze and head movements are also part of the communicative process. (J. Cassell, Embodied Conversational Agents. MIT Press, 2000)And here Mrs. Aleshine nodded vigorously, not being willing to interrupt this entrancing story.(Frank R. Stockton, The Casting Away of Mrs. Lecks and Mrs. Aleshine, 1892) A Group Process Turn-taking and suppressing signals are given by the current speaker; they are used to defend the right to continue speaking on the same subject or with the same level of emphasis. ​Back-channel signals are communication acts by others, such as a person agreeing or disagreeing with the speaker. The types of signal and the rate at which they are used relate to the underlying group process, particularly the group regulatory forces. Meyers and Brashers (1999) found that groups use a form of participation reward system; those who are co-operating with the group receive helping communication behaviors and those in competition are received with communication-blocking behavior. (Stephen Emmitt and Christopher Gorse, Construction Communication. Blackwell, 2003)

Discussion questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Discussion questions - Essay Example Invalidity of this attributes may bring vast implications in an organization. For example, individual performs poorly may be punished by the supervisor who attributes poor performance with laziness. The problem may be caused by poor training and not lack of effort. Kelley’s model tries to explain how different people tend to understand the reasons behind certain behaviors that they have observed. This understanding can only be realized only if the external attributions are to be made when there is low consistency and the consensus and distinctiveness are high. On the other hand, for one to realize personal responsibility attribution consistency must be high and consensus and distinctiveness should be relatively low. Therefore, if a student tend to argue with the professor in class, it is essential to consider Kelley’s model so as to come up with an amicable solution to such a case. It is essential to try and understand the reason behind that student’s argument to make sure if there is any consistency in what that the student is doing. Formulating an attribute would minimize any chance of having a conflict. Managing diversity is necessary in every organization across the globe. However, quite a number of organizations are not conversant with managing diversity. This has caused many a lot of buriers especially when an organization tries to move forward with any diversity initiative. Some of these buriers include ethnocentrism, poor career planning, inaccurate stereotype and prejudice, and an unsupportive and hostile working environment for diverse employees. Such buriers can be avoided if managers of this organization can work extra hard in managing diversity. These managers should be on the forefront to show the rest of the team what should or should not be done so as to realize their goal in that organization. Doing this makes the employee has a positive thought about the whole idea of managing diversity and thus making the employee put all their energy and time in working together with their manager. The perceptions that people have been exceedingly influenced by the information that these people receive. Therefore, it is hard to have the same perception as compared to other people. The information that one receives is stored and processed and in return there is a certain reaction that follows. We are able to move forward in or day-to-day life by the decisions that we make and our behaviors. This knowledge of perception and how we behave is something to be highly considered at work places. Perception and managing diversity are two important subjects that go hand-in-hand. For an organization to manage diversity effectively, managers should portray a picture that will make other employees want to follow them. Employees tend to have a perception that they can relax at work especially if they see their manager doing the same thing. In order for one to realize his or her goals in life, it is essential to pursue the organi zational goals in a rational and logical manner. The level of intelligence that people has determined the outcome of work. To have a good relationship with both the manager and other staff it is essential to consider having more positive emotions rather than negative ones, for instance, when having a detrimental day at work especially when the manager puts a lot of pressure in your work,

Labor relations Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Labor relations - Research Paper Example As per the initiative, the pay increase was conditional (Neil, 2011). The initiative led to number of positive outcomes that include reinforced, improved and sustainable relationship between the two bodies. Another positive achievement was the building of coaching competencies across DHB. Health care organization can solicit for such initiatives by contacting and engaging with the regulatory or employers to accept sustainable relations with employees (Porter, 2010). This article describes a partnership between clinical nurses and nursing management that successfully implemented in a prominent teaching hospital. According to the article, the Congress in 1935 enacted National Labor Relations Act (NLRA) made collective bargaining a compulsory practice especially in private institutions (Sanders & McCutcheon, 2010). The process of unionization gave employees more power and decent ways to fight for their rights. Once workers engage in unionized activities, the legal and environmental landscapes begin to change. Workers work without fear of intimidation and quickly report any abuses to the union leaders. The institution leaderships also tend to start respecting and abiding by laws and terms of agreement for fearing the powers and influences of unions (Matthew, 2010). The work environment changes and characterize with improved relations between employer and workers (Brooke,

The General Images and Perceptions of Liverpool from an outsider Essay

The General Images and Perceptions of Liverpool from an outsider (tourist or international student) - Essay Example This paper discusses the many areas of development which Liverpool undertook to grow its economy. The various features of its development have also been elucidated. These, plus those made within her tourism industry has greatly contributed to Liverpools economy and what we see as modern Liverpool of today. As shown in the UK map above, Liverpool, a coastal city lying alongside the north shore of river Mersey, is an important city and seaport of England. The centre of the city forms the nucleus of Merseyside County, and constitutes a part only of the greater Lancashire. The proper city of Liverpool, therefore, makes up for a borough of the metropolitan county of Merseyside forming an irregular crescent along the estuary of river Mersey, only a few miles away from the Irish Sea. The population of Liverpool is 439,476 and its met. area population is 1,362,034. Liverpool city is a large manufacturing and commercial place in England and is the major city of the metropolitan area of Merseyside. Liverpools City Centre district is one the biggest shopping centres in the United Kingdom. Since it lies on the banks of river Mersey it has many buildings that form UKs important landmarks. These conspicuous buildings include the Royal twin-tower Liver Building with each of the tower crested by the "liver bird" sculpture. It was after this mythical bird that the city is known to have been named. The other notable buildings within the premises of commercial area include: Liverpools inner city area is located at the outskirts of commercial center. The centre of inner city, which in the past was considered a suburban area, abounds with many old buildings and houses. Nevertheless, one part of the inner city area also has the Roman Catholic Metropolitan Cathedral; the Liverpool University, and the Anglican Church, while the suburban area now lies outside the inner city. There is a Walker Art Gallery within the Liverpool city, which has one of UKs remarkable collections of

Fluvial Geomorphology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Fluvial Geomorphology - Essay Example The basic concepts in fluvial geomorphology are Equilibrium, Regime Theory and Channel Geometry, Geomorphic Thresholds and Scale. Equilibrium state is one in which the input of mass and energy to a specific system equals the outputs from the same system. In fluvial geomorphology it is this equilibrium state that the stream channels tend to achieve Regime theory is grounded on the propensity of a stream system to obtain an equilibrium state under constant environmental conditions. The Regime Theory has a set of empirical equations relating channel shape to discharge, bank resistance and sediment load. It laid the foundation for a large body of work in Fluvial Geomorphology poring on the geometric properties of equilibrium alluvial channels and their adjustments to discharge and sediment transport regimes. Many of the concepts in fluvial geomorphology can be traced to European origins; however, "Classical" American geomorphology as expressed by W.M. Davis has its roots in the Surveys of the Western United States conducted by the U.S. Geological and Geographical Survey following the Civil War. The leading figures in this period of exploration were John Wesley Powell, Gore Karl Gilbert, and Clarence E. Dutton. Others of note during this time frame were Ferdinand V. Hayden, Lt. George N. Wheeler, and Archibald R. Marvine. As the west was being explored and the landforms analyzed, these individuals formulated several key ideas about geomorphology. Clarence Dutton made contributions by creating an awareness of isostatic adjustments and descriptions of landforms. lie also discussed the "Great Denudation," a period of extensive erosion which he felt created the Colorado Plateau. His writings also contained several references to the idea of parallel retreat of slopes. This concept is based upon a belief that hillsides maintain their angle of slope and form as erosion occurs. The first fluvial geomorphic model was the fluvial geographical cycle or the cycle of erosion, developed by William Morris Davis between 1884 and 1899. The cycle was inspired by theories of evolution, and was depicted as a sequence by which a river would cut a valley more and more deeply, but then erosion of side valleys would eventually flatten out the terrain again, now at a lower elevation. The cycle could be started over by uplift of the terrain. The model is today considered too much of a simplification to be especially useful in practice. The Geographical Cycle, as envisioned by Davis, starts with the rapid uplifting of a plain and the beginning of fluvial erosion. Erosion of this initial stage soon produces the second stage, youth. This stage is characterized by low relief and poor drainage with road flat water divides. As the erosion process continues, relief increases until the mature stage is reached. At this time, narrow ridges form water divides and very little flat terrain remains. Additional erosion leads to the old age stage in which relief in slight and low flat plains art dominant. The "almost featureless" plain resulting from the Geographical Cycle was termed a peneplain by Davis. Among suggested examples of peneplains are the Rocky Mountain Peneplain in the Colorado

Polyproplene and KRATON Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Polyproplene and KRATON - Essay Example The thermoplastic stands up quite well to steam-sterilization and autoclaving, managing to resist physical damage and environmental stress-cracking when exposed to high corrosion chemicals in tests. This result is something one can easily expect due to the ability of the material to be fatigue resistant, have high tensile strength, and unbelievable elongation abilities. Such high material characteristics ensures an almost infinite flex life for polypropylene oriented moldings in integrated hinges, making it quite responsive to injection speed and pressure. The plastic also sets in a shorter time when placed in the mold, which ensures a higher production rate for molders. Polyprolene has proven to be excellent when considering is chemical resistant abilities, abrasion strength, dimensional stability, and high surface gloss. Such unique qualities makes the polymer versatile and suitable for superior strength, grease resistance, and moisture barring in film and fibers. While pre-drying is not necessarily required when molding Injection Molding Polypropylene is molded in standard screw making equipment as these can be done without alteration in normal conditions, filled resins may sometimes require pre-drying. The manufacturing process however, isnt as simple as it sounds. The molder needs to take note of additional considerations such as the cylinder temperature and injection pressure. These two of the most closely related variables that take the forefront of the molding parameters will be discussed in the succeeding paragraphs. The most advisable temperature range for cylinders are between 400- 570Â °F. Normally the temperature should be 25-50Â °F above the normal temperature when molding polypropylene. However it should not be molded above 570Â °F so the normal range for molding would be kept anywhere between 400-525Â °F. The cylinder temperature is best kept with the hopper or feed section lower than the nozzle at 30-50Â °F.

The Qualitative Characteristics of Relevance and Reliability Essay

The Qualitative Characteristics of Relevance and Reliability - Essay Example IASB has set standards for financial reporting which ensure that the reporting is done according to the set principles by all the companies. This helps the users of financial statements in making crucial economic decisions as there is no ambiguity due to different accounting styles. The standards ensure that a company provides all the relevant information that influences the financial needs of the users. There are specific areas that are not allowed to be left untouched. There is a possibility that some users require non-financial information about a company which is not available in its financial statements. There are a variety of users and their requirements are also different. Financial statements may be used by the employees of a company to know about their chances of obtaining a bonus. A cash flow statement of the year describes the liquidity of the company. Comparisons of statements of affairs of a year with those of preceding years help in evaluating the performance of the com pany. ... These are understandability, relevance, reliability and comparability (Para 24). Understandability and comparability can be discussed in the context of relevance and reliability as they cannot be separated from each other. According to Para 25, the information that is provided in the financial statements must be readily understandable by the users who have reasonable knowledge of business, accounting and economic activities and a willingness to study the financial statements. If the information is not understandable, it might not be reliable for the users because they would be reluctant to take decisions on the basis of such information. However, some information of complex nature has to be included in the financial statements to ensure that relevant information is available. Such information cannot be discarded merely due to the fact that it is difficult to understand. Para 26 of the Framework explains that information is relevant when it influences the economic decisions of users b y helping them in evaluating past, present or future events (predictive role) or by confirming, or correcting, their past evaluations (confirmatory role). The predictive and confirmatory roles of information are interrelated. For instance, a user may take a decision on the basis of information regarding the current level and structure of asset holdings of a company. Here, this information would have predictive role. But the similar information might also prove to be the confirmation of previous predictions made by the similar or different users (Para 27). The predictive ability of information does not mean that it gives clear forecasts; it gives relevant and reliable information so that the

Polyproplene and KRATON Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Polyproplene and KRATON - Essay Example The thermoplastic stands up quite well to steam-sterilization and autoclaving, managing to resist physical damage and environmental stress-cracking when exposed to high corrosion chemicals in tests. This result is something one can easily expect due to the ability of the material to be fatigue resistant, have high tensile strength, and unbelievable elongation abilities. Such high material characteristics ensures an almost infinite flex life for polypropylene oriented moldings in integrated hinges, making it quite responsive to injection speed and pressure. The plastic also sets in a shorter time when placed in the mold, which ensures a higher production rate for molders. Polyprolene has proven to be excellent when considering is chemical resistant abilities, abrasion strength, dimensional stability, and high surface gloss. Such unique qualities makes the polymer versatile and suitable for superior strength, grease resistance, and moisture barring in film and fibers. While pre-drying is not necessarily required when molding Injection Molding Polypropylene is molded in standard screw making equipment as these can be done without alteration in normal conditions, filled resins may sometimes require pre-drying. The manufacturing process however, isnt as simple as it sounds. The molder needs to take note of additional considerations such as the cylinder temperature and injection pressure. These two of the most closely related variables that take the forefront of the molding parameters will be discussed in the succeeding paragraphs. The most advisable temperature range for cylinders are between 400- 570Â °F. Normally the temperature should be 25-50Â °F above the normal temperature when molding polypropylene. However it should not be molded above 570Â °F so the normal range for molding would be kept anywhere between 400-525Â °F. The cylinder temperature is best kept with the hopper or feed section lower than the nozzle at 30-50Â °F.

Sexual Harassment in Organization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Sexual Harassment in Organization - Essay Example In today's world, organisations and workplaces have become extremely diversified and have adopted varied stance s in terms of job processes and the general outlook. What is striking in such a scenario, is the prevalence of organizational or work ethics. In today's workplaces, harassment has become a very repetitive occurrence, with cases being reported every now and then. The various forms of harassment range that come under the purview have increased by the day, with sexual harassment topping the list. The issue came to the fore-front, in the 1970s and ever since, a number of committees, benches and organisations have come into the picture, to outline the relationship between work ethics and harassment. Sexual harassment as an abuse of power has become front-page news in the U.S. business press. Recently, BusinessWeek detailed the sexual harassment endured by salespeople at the U.S. subsidiary of Astra AB, a major Swedish pharmaceutical firm (Maremont 1996). This harassment was perpetrated by people at the highest levels of the organization and salespeople who did not comply found life at the firm extremely difficult. The attention to workplace sexual harassment generally focuses on harassment of employees by others within the same firm. [Insights into Sexual Harassment of Salespeople by Customers: The Role of Gender and Customer Power Leslie M, Fine, C. David Shepherd and Susan L. Josephs] When workplaces become diversified and new parameters of work assessment emerge, it is important to maintain workplace ethics. However, when cases of favourtism and sexual harassment emerge, it certainly goes against what is legally permissive in the ethical nature of actions in workplaces. It becomes difficult when talented individuals are put down, on account of the sexual favours received from other quarters. Besides this, when bosses do harass their subordinates and the like, it goes against moral codes of conduct. Organisational Behaviour is often considered at four different levels. Individual Behaviour, which deals with the single fundamental unit of the organisation, talks about the individualistic perspective. It revolves around an individual's perceptions, actions, notions, temperament and contribution to the organisation. At a higher plane, we have the Group Dynamics, that involves interactions of a group. It is inclusive of team work and team-bonding, while also delving into the nature of interactions, inter-group interactions, departmentalization and the like. An organisation can also be demarcated in terms of the diverse processes and the clubbing of groups under processes that are more or less the same. This is precisely the reason why we have various groups coming under one process, say, Marketing or HR, and working in synchronization within the department, and with the other departments as well. The organizational structure is another concrete player, which is characterised by the hierarchal set-up of the

Home Depots Organizational Culture Essay Example for Free

Home Depots Organizational Culture Essay In my opinion, Nardelli’s programs were failed in changing operation of Home Depot to a more effective one. There are two reasons that Nardelli was not more successful. First, most employees did not want to an outsider to â€Å"GE-ize their company and culture. † Employees in Home Depot did not trust their new manager, which led absent support when Nardelli carried out the new process. The second reason was also the more important reason. Nardelli used the concept learned from industrial businesses to conduct the customer businesses. Since Nardelli wanted to conduct Home Depot in his own approach, he failed to recognize the importance of front-line staff, which leaded his fail in conducting the retailing business. The thing he should have done was improve the circulation of information between the different stores or within different level. Only in this way, he could solve the problem that Home Depot faced at that time—too large to be profitable. The worst thing he should not have done was to get rid of many old employees and replaced the full timers with part-time staff. This decline in the quality of customer service and customer satisfaction strongly hurt the customer orientated business. 2. Nardelli provided a three-part strategy including improving Home Depot’s profit, and expanding the business and market. Crow focused on the other three priorities which would revive employees’ sense of ownership, foster their product knowledge, and boost their morale. The greatest difference was that Nardelli’s initiatives programs were concentrated on increasing profit and expansion, while Tim Crow’s programs were concentrated on increasing employees. Nardelli’s action decreased employees’ satisfaction and loyalty, which ruined Home Depot’s strong customer service culture. Tim Crow’s programs increased employees’ loyalty and revived Home Depot’s organizational culture. 3. Strong culture reflects the values of the organization’s founders. Home Depot’s founders: Bernard Marcus and Arthur Black, as entrepreneurs, emphasized on commitment to customers, colleagues, and company. These conducted the original culture of Home Depot. Sometimes, the organizational culture could cause conflict when top management changed. When Nardelli toke over Home Depot, clash of two distinct cultural approaches occurred. Organizational culture that is consisted of shared beliefs, values, and assumptions existed in the organization would lead the behavior of employees and the direction of organization. Home Depot’s original culture let employees to establish strong relationship with customers, but after Nardelli’s conduction, this relationship as well as employees’ and loyalty were harmed. Since the culture would affect employees’ performance and organization’s achievement, it should be built to fit the characteristics of the business and altered with great care. Coordination, conflict resolution, and financial success were the assets of maintaining culture. However Nardelli failed to achieve these goals. Tim Crow, on the other hand, focused on restoring the initial culture by implementing more employee award programs that would positively impact employee loyalty and performance.

Summary of James Hiltons Goodbye, Mr. Chips Essay example -- Teachers

Summary of James Hilton's Goodbye, Mr. Chips James Hilton’s novel Goodbye, Mr. Chips is the story of an English schoolmaster who dedicated his entire adult life teaching young boys. He was a somewhat shy person. Nevertheless he was a competent school teacher, professional and attractive in many different ways. Although his first teaching experience was not successful, he was determined to become a good schoolmaster. After coming to Brookfield, he began to warm up to his students. But more important he brought discipline to his school which is the requirement for good teaching—something he did not achieve while teaching at Melbery. After teaching 25 years at Brookfield, Chips was still unmarried. Everyone thought that he would never get married because he had passed the usual marrying age. But, he did marry and it happened under unusual conditions. He went on a trip to the Lake district of England and there, he met his future wife, Katherine Bridges. During the trip, he was climbing a steep hill when he saw a woman from far waving at someone down below. The woman was standing on a dangerous-looking ledge and appeared to be asking for help. Chips thought that she needed to be rescued and proceeded to help her. Instead of helping her, he hurt his ankle, and in the end, she ended up helping Chips. Within weeks after their first meeting, they fell in love with each other and before the end of summer, they got married. Katherine deeply loved Chips and he loved her in return. Within a short time, the charming Katherine turned Mr. chips into an good-natured gentleman who was adored by his students. He was changed by the power of love. Chips became a kind, congenial, friendly individual to everyone—so much so that he became the most beloved teacher at Brookfield. Full of enthusiasm, young English schoolmaster Mr. Chipping came to teach at Brookfield in 1870. It was a time when dignity and a kindness of spirit still existed, and the dedicated new schoolmaster expressed these beliefs to his disorderly students. Nicknamed Mr. Chips, this gentle and caring man helped shape the lives of generation after generation of boys. He became a legend at Brookfield, as continuing as the institution itself. And sad but grateful faces told the story when the time came for the students at Brookfield to bid their final goodbye to Mr. Chips. This novel Goodbye, Mr... ...ool’s war dead; for everyone else they are just names, but for Chips, each name has a face attached. After the War the retireds, after 42 years teaching Roman History and Latin at Brookfield. Mr. Chips is the living personification of institutional memory. The classes of boys, the teachers and headmasters, even the subjects and teaching methods, come and go, but Chips has remained throughout. He â€Å"still had those ideas of dignity and generosity that a frantic world was forgetting.† He embodies the pre-War world and its values. In the very middle of an era that was witnessing an unregulated attack on all of the West’s institutions and values, Hilton created Mr. Chips, it represent the conservative ideal—providing a bridge of memory to all that is beautiful and good and decent in our past, just in case, in our zeal to create a perfect world, we forget the qualities and accomplishments which give us the pretty good world in which we live. This book is unabashedly sentimental. I appreciate the sensitivity non-political way in which they make the most important of political points: even as we move forward we must always preserve those things and ideas of value in our past.

Technology and Older Adults Essay -- Research Age Essays

Technology and Older Adults It is commonly believed that older people are uncomfortable with new forms of technology and that they are more resistant to using technology than are younger people. This belief often places older people at a disadvantage, because designers fail to consider older people as a potential user group when designing technology, both software and hardware (Parsons, Terner, & Kersley, 1994). Another misconception is that the elderly are unable to learn new skills. Older people are frequently overlooked when opportunities for technology training or retraining are made available, however, a study of aging and cognitive abilities concluded that decreases in intelligence are modest until people reach their eighties. Even at the age of 80, fewer than half of the individuals showed measurable decreases (Holt, 1998). And still another misconception is the belief that the elderly are set in their ways, that they are not open to change or capable of creativity. Research, again, has disproved suc h claims, showing that creativity is a personality trait and does not depend upon age (Ibid.). What then has led to these public misconceptions? Part of the problem could be a trait called cautiousness. Cautiousness in older adult problem-solving is "one of the most frequently mentioned performance-limiting factors" and is described as a "hesitancy about making responses that may be incorrect" (Salthouse, 1991). The research finding is that older adults do not perform as well as younger adults because older adults do not have as much success in solving logical problems, spatial ability problems, inductive reasoning problems, or practical problems. Younger adults tend to show a better performance if the task requi... ...and cautiousness in decision: A review of the literature. Human Development, 19, pp. 220-233. Parsons, H.M., Terner, J., and Kearsley, G. (1994). Design of remote control units for seniors, Experimental Aging Research, 20, pp. 211-218. Salthouse, T. A.. (1991). Theoretical perspectives on cognitive aging, Hillsdale, NJ, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. White, Heidi; McConnell, Eleanor; Clipp, Elizabeth; Bynum, Louise; Teague, Carmen; Navas, Luis; Craven, Sara; and Halbrecht, Herbert. (1999). Surfing the net in later life: A review of the literature and pilot study of computer use and quality of life. Journal of Applied Gerontology, 18(3), pp. 358-378. Zeithaml, V. A. and Gilly, M. C. (1987). Characteristics affecting the acceptance of retailing technologies: A comparison of elderly and nonelderly consumers, Journal of Retailing, 63, p. 4948.

Why do poor countries have a predominance of infectious

Why do poor countries have a predominance of infectious diseases as opposed to the lifestyle-related diseases of wealthy countries? What is your response to the global health inequalities that exist? By Marcela Step One: Why do poor countries have a predominance of Infectious diseases as opposed to the lifestyle-related diseases of wealthy countries? What Is your response to the global health Inequalities that exist? Step Two: Willie's sociological imagination template has made me understand how factors including historical, cultural, structural and critical components affect the way one fives their life (Willis, as cited in Germen, 2014).As each factor is linked to one another, a variance of health issues worldwide continuously exists. I have experienced global health inequality first hand due to structural factors such as undeveloped technology and education. During the semester break of this year, I was fortunate enough to travel throughout South America. Unfortunately whilst trav eling I became very ill and was taken to a clinic for medical assistance. One attended to, patients, including myself were treated in an unhygienic environment, with poor attention to sanitation such as clean sheets on the examination bed.Poor health practices also occurred with very few health professionals wearing appropriate clothing such as gloves when vaccinating a patient or correctively washing their hands before and after examining a patient. Personally, the experience of being treated with such medical attendance under poor conditions has led me to believe that the predominance of infectious diseases in developing nations Is somewhat because health practices are not being followed In accordance to clinical practice guidelines.Marcela Merles S00107898 using my experience as an example, the environment Itself and the negligence of hygiene from health professionals themselves creates an easy exposure and outbreak of Infectious diseases to patients. Both examples are easily pre ventable and the health Inequality here exists when comparing the treatment given to patients using health standards of developed nations In comparison to undeveloped nations. On another hand, I have seen the predominance of lifestyle-related diseases In Australia from a cultural component.Born and raised in Australia I know that the Australian culture consists of social gatherings such as barbeques, which increase the likelihood of choices such as alcohol consumption, smoking and unhealthy diet. Ordinance of diseases in wealthy nations such as Australia are due to lifestyle choices made by the individual. The individual is putting themselves at risk with behaviors such as lack of exercise and unhealthy dieting contributing to obesity and cardiovascular diseases.In comparison, I believe the predominance of diseases in underdeveloped nations is primarily infectious-based due to the quality of care received by patients. A large percentage of citizens have difficulty accessing health c are of greater-quality because of their socio-economic status or the unavailability of such health care found within reasonable traveling distance. I believe health inequalities are preventable, but barriers as those mentioned previously including a lack of education from health professionals as well, obstructs any preventative measures from being put into action, exposing patients to a greater risk of diseases.Manila Merles s00107898 Step Three: Further research into health sociology, in particular the sociological theory of modernity (Lives, 2008), has given me greater awareness of how and why particular health problems exist. Lives (2008) defines modernity as a modern outlook of the world driven by economy, politics and science. Breakthrough in these areas has not only shown structural changes to the development of industrialization and political democracy, but also a changed way of thinking with modernization of knowledge and ideas.Modernization represents a complete change from the past out breaking into a different type of society. The theory of modernity can be linked to the structural factors of the sociological template and has shown me an understanding of how modern societies have an advantage in social organizations, in comparison to undeveloped societies. This concept is strongly influenced by technology and such advancements in wealthy countries allow citizens to live differently to those in undeveloped nations.In respect to health, advanced technology may include medical treatment including resources used that are of higher quality than those used in undeveloped nations. Likewise, modernity allows for advancements in education and in reference to health inequality, health education must be put into further action for undeveloped societies to be taught at least the basic forms of prevention of diseases. An insight into the theory of modernity has shown me that everyone sees health and illness fervently and hence is a reason why there are health di fferences among cultures and countries worldwide.As the structural components of a social organization affect people's lives, it is important to look at the role the government of undeveloped nations play within their health care system. Using my personal experience as recalled in part two, citizens in South America do not have control over the health care they receive. In Australia, we are fortunate to have Medicare as the basis of Australia's health care system, covering many health care costs for its citizens. Such health care system does not exist in South America, therefore the financial status of each individual impact greatly receive care and treatment at all.Additionally, economic disadvantages within a nation may not have substantial funds to build health care centers such as hospitals and medical centers or provide those in need with medical supplies that are economically in reach. I believe that Australia has developed chronic lifestyle-related diseases due to behaviors s uch as eating patterns while South America has developed infectious diseases through unhygienic practices. Furthermore, I used the social model of health as a reference to make rather understanding of health inequality and possible methods for providing better health for those in need (Germen, 2014).This model highlights â€Å"health inequalities suffered by different social groups based on class, gender, ethnicity and occupation† (Germen, 2014). Having this in mind, I can make reference to the Australian lifestyle and culture as a determinant for chronic diseases suffered in this country. Manila Merles s0010789 I believe that Australia has developed chronic lifestyle-related diseases due to behaviors such as eating patterns while South America has developed infectious sissies through unhygienic practices.In addiction to unhygienic practices as a factor of infectious diseases, the social model of health has made me understand that education; economic status, ethnicity and acc ess to health care systems also contribute to this as well. Step Four: The World Health Organization (2014) has defined health inequality as â€Å"differences in health status or in the distribution of health determinants between different population groups†. The social, economic and environmental conditions in which a person is born and lives in strongly influences one's health (WHO, 2014).Health inequalities can be due to natural variations or personal choices, I. E. The growth of lifestyle-related diseases in Australia, and others are due to outside environment and conditions the individual cannot control, I. E. The predominance of infectious diseases in poor countries (Turrets, Stately, De Eloper, & Oldenburg, 2006). The uneven distribution of health inequality worldwide is unjust and unfair but such unfairness is not only found within the distribution of health itself (Irradiate and Allotted, 2007).This has created a significant gap of health status between the wealthy a nd the poor. Not only are health inequalities apparent between different socio-economic groups but also between genders and different ethnic groups (Allotted, Irradiate, Kumar, & Cummins, 2003). To begin with, Irradiate and Allotted (2007) have researched health inequality as an outcome of economically deprived populations. Differences in population health are associated with global health outcomes (Irradiate and Allotted, 2007).Health inequality due to economy is unfair as the difficulty a population experiences in health care is determined by the population's wealth (Irradiate and Allotted, 2007). Poorer countries have shown to be affected by an uneven distribution of health of up to five times worse off than the standard of health experienced in wealthier countries (Irradiate and Allotted, 2007). It has been shown that wealthier countries have higher capacity to support poor health than in poor countries, with the impact of poor health on an individual and societal level being si gnificantly less (Allotted et al. 2003). Reasons for this include the investment in social and healthcare services and higher-quality physical infrastructure found within wealthier regions, controlling the impact of death and illness (Allotted et al. , 2003). Likewise, new scientific discoveries such as the vaccine against the human papilla virus preventing cervical cancer offers advanced and improved health. However an individual's economic status remains an obstacle to ensure the availability of such vaccination to those most at risk (Senator, Gill, & Beaker, 2011).Alkali and Chin (2004) have also concluded that socioeconomics disadvantaged groups experience greater ill health, as they are likely to put themselves at risk engaging in behaviors that are linked with poorer health status. In this case, such groups are also less likely to act on improving their health as well (Alkali and Chin, 2004). Additionally, powers that have the ability to effectively sustain caring social servi ces, including health care systems to citizens of each country also shapes population health (Turrets et al. , 2006).This may not be the case in poorer countries as the nation's government may lack governmental institutions such as Medicare available in Australia, covering many health care costs, making it possible for citizens to receive medical treatment when in need. Extra alternatives such as private health insurance are also available in Australia but such service may be unavailable in poorer countries or financially inaccessible to the individual. Also, over half of the population in developing nations do not have access to medicines for the treatment of diseases such as cholera, malaria or typhoid fever (Gelid, 2005).Lack of access to basic medicine supplies such as antibiotics, decongestants or analgesic also expose people as being vulnerable to infectious diseases (Gelid, 2005). Secondly, population health has also been shaped according to educational level Turrets, Stanley , De Eloper, & Oldenburg, 2006). Cutler and Leers-Money (2012) conclude that education is key to ending bad health habits and a crucial factor that contributes to the transmission of infectious diseases. According to Denton (2003) wealthier, well-educated populations live longer than poorer, less-educated populations.An educated person is said to have a higher capacity to understand and apply health benefits for themselves as well as have greater access to health care Reflecting back on my personal experience, some health professionals may lack impotency to follow clinical practice guidelines of the same standard followed by health professionals in Australia. Health professionals in undeveloped nations may not realism the importance of following such guidelines or may not be put into action as strictly as they are in Australia.In Australia clinical practice guidelines state the extent of clean and highly sanitation service that must be provided to the patient. The lack of education and knowledge to do so including following procedures such as hand washing puts the health professional primarily at fault for the spread of infectious diseases from patient to patient. Likewise, not only health professionals but also citizens of underdeveloped nations do not have substantial access to education, therefore it is difficult for knowledge of good health to be practiced. Developing countries are also lacking in promotion of good health as well (Senator, Gill, & Beaker, 2011).Education will also end poverty through employment and develop skills that help improve health status in underdeveloped nations (Cutler and Leers- Money, 2012). Additionally, poor nutrition also contributes increases unhealthy lifestyles. Those who are at a financial disadvantage do not have access to essential nutrients. Lack of clean water in undeveloped nations also increases the spread of infectious diseases. Those who do not have access to fresh, uncontaminated water have no choice but to bath, drink and wash food such as fruits and vegetables all with the one water supply.These situations increase the exposure of infectious diseases (Gelid, 2005). The global increase of food costs also lead to unhealthy nutritional status. There is evidence to suggest that those with low income can no longer buy quality products eating to household restrictions, affecting the country economy as well (Bloom, Brinkman, De Pee, Sandhog, & Suburban, 2010). As discussed poor countries have a predominance of infectious diseases from reasons such as lack of education or financially unable to afford better-quality health care.These reasons are opposed to the predominance of disease in wealthier countries that have been found to be lifestyle-related based due to personal choice, individual behavior and increased access to fast food, tobacco and alcohol in wealthier countries also increases the chances of these diseases (Cutler & Leers-Money, 2012). Wealthy counties have shown to be dominated by l ifestyle-related diseases and very rarely having outbreaks of infectious diseases (Cutler & Leers-Money, 2012).Health-related behaviors prone to produce lifestyle-related diseases can include the overcompensation of alcohol intake, smoking, unhealthy diet and lack of physical activity (Adam et al. , 2011). By acting upon these behaviors, the individual is exposing themselves to cardiovascular diseases and various types of cancers such as lung and liver, only to has led to a high percentage of skin cancer, as people do not take sun protection into inconsideration when doing so (Turrets et al. , 2006). It is important to note that not only does health inequality exist from country to country, but within country ethnicity groups as well (Healed, 2004).Health inequality within Australia is evident with Indigenous Australians who have shown a lower level of good health and access to appropriate health care treatment than non-indigenous Australians (Healed, 2004). Step Five: To sum up, th is essay has provided me with the graduate attribute of thinking critically and reflectively. It is essential for all students to develop this particular skill, to only for university purposes but also to use throughout their future careers. This essay has allowed me to reflect on past experiences and evaluate health inequality between wealthy and poor countries.From this, I was able to think critically for reasons on this such as economy and educational level found within undeveloped countries and lifestyle choices within wealthier countries. Developing this skill has made me conclude that health inequality does not only exist within a country as a whole, but can occur within country regions as well. Additionally, I was able to not only reflect and think about my own perspective based n my living conditions, but the need to step outside of one's shoes to see how others in undeveloped countries experience health inequality.